From fc7b2d678040d57ac91bb91f08f6f7293f371e48 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Peter Li Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2026 10:30:57 -0800 Subject: [PATCH] tutorial project for rust --- .gitignore | 1 + Cargo.lock | 969 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Cargo.toml | 10 + data/app.db | Bin 0 -> 16384 bytes learning/walkthrough.md | 123 +++++ src/db.rs | 140 ++++++ src/handlers.rs | 192 ++++++++ src/main.rs | 48 ++ src/views.rs | 248 ++++++++++ 9 files changed, 1731 insertions(+) create mode 100644 .gitignore create mode 100644 Cargo.lock create mode 100644 Cargo.toml create mode 100644 data/app.db create mode 100644 learning/walkthrough.md create mode 100644 src/db.rs create mode 100644 src/handlers.rs create mode 100644 src/main.rs create mode 100644 src/views.rs diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ea8c4bf --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitignore @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +/target diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b8bbe01 --- /dev/null +++ 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b/data/app.db new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a15222f72f1f5699a6b19bb67d1c52c673af78dd GIT binary patch literal 16384 zcmeI(O>fgM7zc1W8QU~z-7cs?T%H~(wOWVTPHM#@#L7W}7Y!@+o9xMlZ`&$B-~PigKQm*sLxBJUAOHafKmY;|fB*y_0D;>P znClx^GtWOi^e3L2``+9c27%|uNjUZ8>}vnX@!U`*FRz)FFl<4M_Nlm_6`iQlR;$Tn zzCx7uU%p~jThH$8@qXyO8Ohn@NUc1bnY?^2Cxh#!`v384(HGdXbbSW9I~woqY<625ndpwB3nGViFL500bZa0SG_<0uX=z1Rwx`dm)g~b3A_4 QU(-{k_2^&xnYgw77lpRi`v3p{ literal 0 HcmV?d00001 diff --git a/learning/walkthrough.md b/learning/walkthrough.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d589956 --- /dev/null +++ b/learning/walkthrough.md @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ +# CurseTechnique Codebase Walkthrough + +This document is a practical map of the app, aimed at learning-oriented Rust reading. + +## 1. High-level architecture + +The app uses a lightweight 4-layer layout: + +1. `src/main.rs` - startup and route wiring +2. `src/handlers.rs` - HTTP handlers and input validation +3. `src/db.rs` - SQLite queries and data structs +4. `src/views.rs` - HTML rendering (server-side string rendering) + +The goal is to keep each file focused and easy to read without adding extra frameworks. + +## 2. Request flow (end-to-end) + +Example: open `GET /day/2026-02-07` + +1. Route is defined in `src/main.rs` and points to `handlers::show_day_entries`. +2. `show_day_entries` in `src/handlers.rs` validates the date path param. +3. It calls `db::fetch_day_entries` in `src/db.rs` to load rows from SQLite. +4. It passes those rows to `views::render_day_page` in `src/views.rs`. +5. The rendered HTML is returned to the browser. + +Example: submit add-entry form `POST /day/{date}/add` + +1. Route points to `handlers::create_entry`. +2. Handler validates date and form fields (`name`, `calories`). +3. Handler calls `db::insert_entry`. +4. Handler redirects back to `/day/{date}`. + +## 3. File-by-file reading guide + +## `src/main.rs` + +Read this file first. It is intentionally small. + +- Creates data directory and opens SQLite DB. +- Calls DB init/seed helpers. +- Builds Axum router. +- Starts Tokio TCP listener. + +If you ever wonder "where is this endpoint connected?", this file is the source of truth. + +## `src/handlers.rs` + +This is the HTTP boundary. + +Core concepts here: + +- `AppState` holds shared DB connection behind `Arc>`. +- Each handler receives typed route/form data. +- Handlers do three steps: + 1. Validate input + 2. Call DB function + 3. Return HTML or redirect + +Useful helper functions: + +- `validate_date` ensures `YYYY-MM-DD` format. +- `parse_entry_form_fields` validates `name` + `calories`. +- `month_bounds` computes first/next month boundaries. + +## `src/db.rs` + +This file contains all SQL. + +Data structs: + +- `FoodEntry` represents one row. +- `DaySummary` represents aggregated values for calendar cards. + +Functions are split by intent: + +- Setup: `init_db`, `seed_db_if_empty` +- Reads: `fetch_month_summaries`, `fetch_day_entries` +- Writes: `insert_entry`, `update_entry`, `delete_entry` + +If behavior looks wrong (totals, filtering, ordering), start debugging here. + +## `src/views.rs` + +This file builds HTML strings for SSR. + +- `render_calendar_page` renders `/`. +- `render_day_page` renders `/day/{date}`. +- Small helpers reduce clutter: + - `render_day_card` + - `render_entry_rows` + - `entry_count_label` + - `escape_html` + +Important: `escape_html` is used when rendering user-provided food names. + +## 4. Key Rust patterns used + +- `Result` for explicit error handling. +- `?` operator to propagate errors. +- `Arc>` for shared mutable state across async handlers. +- Simple structs over tuple-heavy values for readability (`DaySummary`). +- Module organization (`mod db; mod handlers; mod views;`) to keep files focused. + +## 5. How to add a feature safely + +Use this checklist: + +1. Add/adjust SQL function in `db.rs`. +2. Add or update handler logic in `handlers.rs`. +3. Update route wiring in `main.rs` if endpoint path changes. +4. Update HTML output/forms in `views.rs`. +5. Run: + - `cargo fmt` + - `cargo check` + +## 6. Suggested beginner exercises + +1. Add a "notes" text column to food entries. +2. Show count of entries in the day header. +3. Add confirmation step on delete (simple query param or separate page). +4. Add a helper in handlers to prevent editing future dates. + +These exercises touch all 4 layers and are great practice for understanding the whole flow. diff --git a/src/db.rs b/src/db.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..922fdfd --- /dev/null +++ b/src/db.rs @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ +use std::collections::HashMap; + +use rusqlite::{Connection, params}; + +#[derive(Clone)] +/// A single food entry row from `food_entries`. +pub struct FoodEntry { + pub id: i64, + pub name: String, + pub calories: i64, +} + +#[derive(Clone, Copy)] +/// Aggregated daily values used by the calendar grid. +pub struct DaySummary { + pub entry_count: i64, + pub total_calories: i64, +} + +/// Creates tables/indexes if they do not already exist. +pub fn init_db(conn: &Connection) -> Result<(), rusqlite::Error> { + conn.execute_batch( + "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS food_entries ( + id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, + entry_date TEXT NOT NULL, + name TEXT NOT NULL, + calories INTEGER NOT NULL CHECK (calories >= 0), + created_at TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP + ); + CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_food_entries_entry_date ON food_entries(entry_date);", + )?; + + Ok(()) +} + +/// Placeholder seeding hook. Currently no-op unless you add seed inserts. +pub fn seed_db_if_empty(conn: &Connection) -> Result<(), rusqlite::Error> { + let count: i64 = conn.query_row("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM food_entries", [], |row| row.get(0))?; + if count > 0 { + return Ok(()); + } + + Ok(()) +} + +/// Returns one summary per date for the given half-open range [start_date, end_date). +pub fn fetch_month_summaries( + conn: &Connection, + start_date: &str, + end_date: &str, +) -> Result, rusqlite::Error> { + let mut statement = conn.prepare( + "SELECT entry_date, COUNT(*) as entry_count, SUM(calories) as total + FROM food_entries + WHERE entry_date >= ?1 AND entry_date < ?2 + GROUP BY entry_date", + )?; + let mut rows = statement.query(params![start_date, end_date])?; + + let mut totals = HashMap::::new(); + while let Some(row) = rows.next()? { + let date: String = row.get(0)?; + let entry_count: i64 = row.get(1)?; + let total_calories: i64 = row.get(2)?; + totals.insert( + date, + DaySummary { + entry_count, + total_calories, + }, + ); + } + + Ok(totals) +} + +/// Returns all entries for one day. +pub fn fetch_day_entries(conn: &Connection, date: &str) -> Result, rusqlite::Error> { + let mut statement = conn.prepare( + "SELECT id, name, calories + FROM food_entries + WHERE entry_date = ?1 + ORDER BY id", + )?; + + let iter = statement.query_map(params![date], |row| { + Ok(FoodEntry { + id: row.get(0)?, + name: row.get(1)?, + calories: row.get(2)?, + }) + })?; + + let mut entries = Vec::new(); + for row in iter { + entries.push(row?); + } + + Ok(entries) +} + +/// Inserts one entry for a date. +pub fn insert_entry( + conn: &Connection, + date: &str, + name: &str, + calories: i64, +) -> Result<(), rusqlite::Error> { + conn.execute( + "INSERT INTO food_entries (entry_date, name, calories) VALUES (?1, ?2, ?3)", + params![date, name, calories], + )?; + Ok(()) +} + +/// Updates one entry if both `id` and `date` match. +pub fn update_entry( + conn: &Connection, + date: &str, + id: i64, + name: &str, + calories: i64, +) -> Result<(), rusqlite::Error> { + conn.execute( + "UPDATE food_entries + SET name = ?1, calories = ?2 + WHERE id = ?3 AND entry_date = ?4", + params![name, calories, id, date], + )?; + Ok(()) +} + +/// Deletes one entry if both `id` and `date` match. +pub fn delete_entry(conn: &Connection, date: &str, id: i64) -> Result<(), rusqlite::Error> { + conn.execute( + "DELETE FROM food_entries WHERE id = ?1 AND entry_date = ?2", + params![id, date], + )?; + Ok(()) +} diff --git a/src/handlers.rs b/src/handlers.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..21b6266 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/handlers.rs @@ -0,0 +1,192 @@ +use std::collections::HashMap; +use std::sync::Arc; + +use axum::extract::{Form, Path, State}; +use axum::http::StatusCode; +use axum::response::{Html, Redirect}; +use chrono::{Datelike, Local, NaiveDate}; +use rusqlite::Connection; +use tokio::sync::Mutex; + +use crate::db; +use crate::views::{self, CalendarCell, DayCard}; + +type AppError = (StatusCode, String); + +#[derive(Clone)] +/// Shared application state injected into each handler. +pub struct AppState { + pub db: Arc>, +} + +/// GET `/` - calendar overview for the current month. +pub async fn show_calendar(State(state): State) -> Result, AppError> { + let today = Local::now().date_naive(); + let (first_day, first_of_next_month, days_in_month) = month_bounds(today)?; + + let totals = { + let db_conn = state.db.lock().await; + db::fetch_month_summaries( + &db_conn, + &first_day.format("%Y-%m-%d").to_string(), + &first_of_next_month.format("%Y-%m-%d").to_string(), + ) + .map_err(internal_error)? + }; + + let mut cells = Vec::with_capacity(42); + + // Calendar starts on Sunday, so pad blank cells before day 1. + let first_weekday = first_day.weekday().num_days_from_sunday() as usize; + for _ in 0..first_weekday { + cells.push(CalendarCell::Padding); + } + + for day_num in 1..=days_in_month { + if let Some(date) = NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(today.year(), today.month(), day_num as u32) { + let date_text = date.format("%Y-%m-%d").to_string(); + let summary = totals.get(&date_text); + + cells.push(CalendarCell::Day(DayCard { + date_text, + day_num: day_num as u32, + total: summary.map(|s| s.total_calories).unwrap_or(0), + entry_count: summary.map(|s| s.entry_count).unwrap_or(0), + is_today: date == today, + is_future: date > today, + })); + } + } + + // Pad trailing cells so the grid always ends on Saturday. + let total_cells = first_weekday + days_in_month as usize; + let tail_padding = (7 - (total_cells % 7)) % 7; + for _ in 0..tail_padding { + cells.push(CalendarCell::Padding); + } + + Ok(Html(views::render_calendar_page( + &today.format("%B %Y").to_string(), + &cells, + ))) +} + +/// GET `/day/{date}` - list/edit entries for one day. +pub async fn show_day_entries( + State(state): State, + Path(date_text): Path, +) -> Result, AppError> { + validate_date(&date_text)?; + + let entries = { + let db_conn = state.db.lock().await; + db::fetch_day_entries(&db_conn, &date_text).map_err(internal_error)? + }; + + Ok(Html(views::render_day_page(&date_text, &entries))) +} + +/// POST `/day/{date}/add` - create a new entry. +pub async fn create_entry( + State(state): State, + Path(date_text): Path, + Form(form): Form>, +) -> Result { + validate_date(&date_text)?; + let (name, calories) = parse_entry_form_fields(&form)?; + + let db_conn = state.db.lock().await; + db::insert_entry(&db_conn, &date_text, &name, calories).map_err(internal_error)?; + + Ok(Redirect::to(&format!("/day/{}", date_text))) +} + +/// POST `/day/{date}/entry/{id}/update` - edit an existing entry. +pub async fn edit_entry( + State(state): State, + Path((date_text, id)): Path<(String, i64)>, + Form(form): Form>, +) -> Result { + validate_date(&date_text)?; + let (name, calories) = parse_entry_form_fields(&form)?; + + let db_conn = state.db.lock().await; + db::update_entry(&db_conn, &date_text, id, &name, calories).map_err(internal_error)?; + + Ok(Redirect::to(&format!("/day/{}", date_text))) +} + +/// POST `/day/{date}/entry/{id}/delete` - remove an entry. +pub async fn remove_entry( + State(state): State, + Path((date_text, id)): Path<(String, i64)>, +) -> Result { + validate_date(&date_text)?; + + let db_conn = state.db.lock().await; + db::delete_entry(&db_conn, &date_text, id).map_err(internal_error)?; + + Ok(Redirect::to(&format!("/day/{}", date_text))) +} + +fn validate_date(date_text: &str) -> Result<(), AppError> { + NaiveDate::parse_from_str(date_text, "%Y-%m-%d") + .map(|_| ()) + .map_err(|_| { + ( + StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, + "Date must be YYYY-MM-DD".to_string(), + ) + }) +} + +fn parse_entry_form_fields(form: &HashMap) -> Result<(String, i64), AppError> { + let name = form.get("name").map(|v| v.trim()).unwrap_or(""); + let calories = form + .get("calories") + .ok_or((StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, "Calories are required".to_string()))? + .parse::() + .map_err(|_| { + ( + StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, + "Calories must be a number".to_string(), + ) + })?; + + if name.is_empty() { + return Err((StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, "Name is required".to_string())); + } + if calories < 0 { + return Err((StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, "Calories must be >= 0".to_string())); + } + + Ok((name.to_string(), calories)) +} + +fn month_bounds(today: NaiveDate) -> Result<(NaiveDate, NaiveDate, i64), AppError> { + let first_day = NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(today.year(), today.month(), 1).ok_or(( + StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, + "Invalid date".to_string(), + ))?; + + let (next_year, next_month) = if today.month() == 12 { + (today.year() + 1, 1) + } else { + (today.year(), today.month() + 1) + }; + + let first_of_next_month = NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(next_year, next_month, 1).ok_or(( + StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, + "Invalid date".to_string(), + ))?; + + let days_in_month = (first_of_next_month - first_day).num_days(); + Ok((first_day, first_of_next_month, days_in_month)) +} + +fn internal_error(error: rusqlite::Error) -> AppError { + ( + StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, + format!("Database error: {}", error), + ) +} diff --git a/src/main.rs b/src/main.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a336503 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/main.rs @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +mod db; +mod handlers; +mod views; + +use std::fs; +use std::sync::Arc; + +use axum::Router; +use axum::routing::{get, post}; +use rusqlite::Connection; +use tokio::sync::Mutex; + +use crate::handlers::AppState; + +const DB_DIR: &str = "data"; +const DB_PATH: &str = "data/app.db"; +const LISTEN_ADDR: &str = "127.0.0.1:3000"; + +#[tokio::main] +async fn main() -> Result<(), Box> { + fs::create_dir_all(DB_DIR)?; + + let conn = Connection::open(DB_PATH)?; + db::init_db(&conn)?; + db::seed_db_if_empty(&conn)?; + + let state = AppState { + db: Arc::new(Mutex::new(conn)), + }; + + // Route wiring stays here so `main` is the single startup overview. + let app = Router::new() + .route("/", get(handlers::show_calendar)) + .route("/day/{date}", get(handlers::show_day_entries)) + .route("/day/{date}/add", post(handlers::create_entry)) + .route("/day/{date}/entry/{id}/update", post(handlers::edit_entry)) + .route( + "/day/{date}/entry/{id}/delete", + post(handlers::remove_entry), + ) + .with_state(state); + + let listener = tokio::net::TcpListener::bind(LISTEN_ADDR).await?; + println!("Listening on http://{}", LISTEN_ADDR); + axum::serve(listener, app).await?; + + Ok(()) +} diff --git a/src/views.rs b/src/views.rs new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9a02182 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/views.rs @@ -0,0 +1,248 @@ +use crate::db::FoodEntry; + +pub struct DayCard { + pub date_text: String, + pub day_num: u32, + pub total: i64, + pub entry_count: i64, + pub is_today: bool, + pub is_future: bool, +} + +pub enum CalendarCell { + Padding, + Day(DayCard), +} + +/// Renders the month calendar page. +pub fn render_calendar_page(month_label: &str, cells: &[CalendarCell]) -> String { + let mut items = String::new(); + for cell in cells { + match cell { + CalendarCell::Padding => items.push_str( + "
", + ), + CalendarCell::Day(day) => items.push_str(&render_day_card(day)), + } + } + + format!( + " + + + + + Hello Calories + + + +
+
+

Calorie Tracker

+

{}

+

Click any day to inspect all logged food entries.

+
+
+
+
+
+
Sun
+
Mon
+
Tue
+
Wed
+
Thu
+
Fri
+
Sat
+
+
+ {} +
+
+
+
+
+ +", + month_label, items + ) +} + +/// Renders the daily page with add/edit/delete forms. +pub fn render_day_page(date_text: &str, entries: &[FoodEntry]) -> String { + let daily_total: i64 = entries.iter().map(|entry| entry.calories).sum(); + let rows = render_entry_rows(date_text, entries); + + format!( + " + + + + + Day Entries + + + +
+ + ← + Back to calendar + +
+

{}

+

+ Daily total: {} cal +

+
+

Add entry

+
+ + +
+ +
+
+
+
+ + + + + {} +
EntryCalories
+
+
+
+ +", + date_text, daily_total, date_text, rows + ) +} + +fn render_day_card(day: &DayCard) -> String { + let entry_line = entry_count_label(day.entry_count); + + if day.is_future { + return format!( + "
+
+ {date} + {day_num} +
+
+

{total} cal

+

{entry_line}

+

Future

+
+
", + date = day.date_text, + day_num = day.day_num, + total = day.total, + entry_line = entry_line + ); + } + + let base_class = if day.is_today { + "group block h-32 rounded-2xl border border-teal-400 bg-teal-50 p-3 transition hover:-translate-y-0.5 hover:shadow-md" + } else { + "group block h-32 rounded-2xl border border-slate-200 bg-white p-3 transition hover:-translate-y-0.5 hover:shadow-md" + }; + + format!( + " +
+ {date} + {day_num} +
+
+

{total} cal

+

{entry_line}

+
+ ", + class = base_class, + date = day.date_text, + day_num = day.day_num, + total = day.total, + entry_line = entry_line + ) +} + +fn escape_html(text: &str) -> String { + text.replace('&', "&") + .replace('<', "<") + .replace('>', ">") + .replace('\"', """) + .replace('\'', "'") +} + +fn entry_count_label(entry_count: i64) -> String { + if entry_count == 0 { + "No entries".to_string() + } else if entry_count == 1 { + "1 entry".to_string() + } else { + format!("{} entries", entry_count) + } +} + +fn render_entry_rows(date_text: &str, entries: &[FoodEntry]) -> String { + let mut rows = String::new(); + + if entries.is_empty() { + rows.push_str( + "No entries yet for this day.", + ); + return rows; + } + + for entry in entries { + rows.push_str(&format!( + " + +
+ + +
+ +
+
+
+ +
+ + {calories} cal + ", + date = date_text, + id = entry.id, + name = escape_html(&entry.name), + calories = entry.calories + )); + } + + rows +}